The National Science Foundation and NASA would like students interested in undergrad summer research or applying to graduate school to consider the opportunities below. Here are links to specific portals for students:

For Undergraduates:

Paid Summer 2014 Undergrad Research Opportunities:

More than 650 programs - REU and other summer research opportunities for undergrads

For Financial Support in Graduate School:

Bridge to the Doctorate, IGERT and NSF Grad Research Fellowship programs provide generous stipend and tuition support for students through the National Science Foundation.

For Postdoc opportunities:

More than 250 openings nationwide.

For NASA-supported internships, fellowships and scholarships